The effect of HIV in Tanzania
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by: Frederick Mlaponi
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HIV means human immune virus, this disease is very serious especially in the developing country like Tanzania. This disease up to now it is in every where around the world. The estimate on show that about 57.9 million people have been affected with HIV since the pandemic began. Among all the continents Africa is mostly one’s to have large group of people who are affected by HIV.
In sub Saharan Africa it observed that more women are infected by HIV than men. The first to experience prevalence’s of HIV was E. Africa with countries, in this are now experience adult prevalence rates of around 8 –10% but after strong HIV protection program in Uganda adduct prevalence deices from 14% in 1990s to 8% by the year 2000.
Among all countries in Africa the research shows that South. Africa is the most severely affected country. It has a very large group of people who are inferred by HIV.
Tanzania as among the developing countries of the World. It is also been affected by HIV and has a large number of people who affected by HIV.
Observations show that in 1983 the first people in Tanzania began to have HIV infection, this disease came from the neighboring country Uganda, and spreading to the near by area around Kagera region, and at the early of 1990 large group of people were observed to have infection in Tanzania this disease spread mostly in the border regions such as Kagera, Mbeya ect. Tanzanian statistics observed that Mbeya is the most prevalent region to have large group of people affected by HIV in general. For every ten people in Tanzania there is one people affected by HIV.
HIV can be transmitted from one person to another by the following way/methods:-
(a) Sexual transmitted :- in the spreading of HIV sexual intercourse is the common mode of transmission global obviously the probability of a person being infected trough intercourse depend on the like hood of unprotected sex with infected person. In Tanzania many people got HIV through sexual intercourse, but this is due to poor education among the people concerning HIV, many people they do not know how HIV is transmitted, this is done mostly in the villages, many people believes that. Children or virgin girl could not have HIV infection.
poverty/unemployment - this is also the reason which for people to encourage sexual intercourse, many people left their home and migrate to the town for searching of employment but due to poor education they fail to compete in the employment hence due to hard life, they are force to engage in commercial sex so as to darn their life, hence affected by HIV.
But the prevention of sexual intercourse can be done particularly by individuals to reduce number of partners and encourage safe sex, also the government should restrict the unnecessary migration by providing good. Service in all over the country, the government also should force the private sector into dealing with HIV programmer to go to the village so as to provide education about HIV and providing some services to the infected people.
Among IDU when needles are shared, this can also over by transfusion of infected blood, so screening blood and/or reducing the unnecessary use of transfusions, contaminated needles for injections and needles stick injuries is other source of infection i.e most of saloon are not registered and no heath care standard are set up to control the infection cosmetic saloon can be very instrumentals in transmission of HIV especially in the case of hair treatment, manicure services, and facials where unspecialized instrument used.
Mother to child transmition – it estimated that this believe to be responsible about 90% of these infection, children when he/she is in the mother’s womb may have great possibility of getting HIV because of blood exchange.
In similar to that there are some tradition practices which entourage the spreading of HIV these are
Gender equality – this is that women are not in a position to negotiate safe jay and hence but in risk of infection by husbands and partners, also there are some culture practices which encourage the spreading of HIV i,e in some of Tanzania cultures permit promiscuity, when youths attain puberty, some cultures are open to casual ex relations even in wed lock.
Also in heritance of widower which practices by many tribes in Tanzania encourage the scalding of HIV because other death are caused but HIV infection, apart from that also tradition circumcision cause also the spreading of HIV by sharing the instrument.
HIV bring many problems in Tanzania, this disease accuse, the death of many people it cause the disintegration of many families by killing leader of families, hence increase orphans (dependency ratio) and increase also the street children, who are engage in the dangerous action such as thrives thus criminal cases increase.
HIV killed, leader, experts as well the man power in the society’s they leads to low production as well loss of experts such s engineer, doctors etc. this lead to fall of national income .
Because the government much budget for medication so as to foisting against HIV it cause other sector to decline due to low budget e.g education, agriculture sector etc.
Due to all these affect the government of Tanzania together with private sector should be organized together so as to reduce these effect s well as to increase prevention measure of this disease
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About the Author
Frederick Mlaponi is a Tanzanian Student researcher on work experience with Wild Things Safaris in Tanzania http://www.wildthingsafaris.com . http://www.mksafaris.com .
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